- Fatty acid composition
- C6, C8, C10, C12 and longer-chain content by GC; confirms the C8:C10 ratio stated on the spec and label.
- Acid value and peroxide value
- Indicate free fatty acids and oxidation; MCT is relatively stable but buyers still check both.
- Saponification and hydroxyl values
- Confirm the oil is fully esterified triglyceride rather than mono- or diglycerides.
- Process contaminants
- 3-MCPD esters and glycidyl esters, which can form during refining of vegetable oils.
- Heavy metals
- Lead, arsenic, cadmium and mercury.
- Moisture and microbiology (powders)
- For MCT powders: moisture, total plate count, yeast and mold, E. coli and Salmonella, plus oil load and particle size.
- Color and appearance
- Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid; off-color can indicate degradation.